which of the following is a pathogen quizlet

Describe the motion of air particles inside an inflated balloon. the . They are both forms of active immunity. produces T and B cells. 33 Which of the following protozoan supergroup - pathogen pairs is incorrect? Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. Devise an arrangement of mirrors allowing you to see the back of your head. *Autoimmune diseases can be genetic or environmental. innate The word pathogen can be defined as: a. all microrganisms b. all disease-causing microorganisms c. all insects d. all microscopic particles Definition b. all disease-causing microorganisms Term Which of the following is NOT an example of biohazard? they only act internally. (b) Period of illness = pathogen is multiplying and reaches it maximum False, False Likewise, hand washing does not eliminate the need for the use of gloves. *Active immunity involves making your own antibodies against an antigen, whether it is introduced via an infection or a vaccination. -An employee who is exposed to a pathogen during the course of regular work duties. They are not as easily treated compared with those involving free-floating (or planktonic) bacteria. *Allergic responses are hypersensitivities (greater sensitivities). How often is bloodborne pathogens training required? myasthenia gravis, hay fever Section: 07.05, Cytokines are signaling molecules produced by T lymphocytes. B Fungi Infect healthy rats with the complemented strain and see if the severity of disease is comparable to when rats are infected with the wild type pathogen. Section: 07.03, Phil was exposed to parasitic worms on a recent field trip to the tropics. True or false: 2. 1. Imagine that a mutation in the gene encoding the cholera toxin was made. Exoenzymes are classified according to the macromolecule they target and exotoxins are classified based on their mechanism of action. False, False 12. Pathogen A has an ID50 of 50 particles, pathogen B has an ID50 of 1,000 particles, and pathogen C has an ID50 of 1 106 particles. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. 1. causing them to burst. Infected blood or OPIM may be transmitted through which of the following means? Section: 07.02, The membrane attack complex of the complement system is not effective against viruses. B. leprosy-is a Mycobacterium leprae (a slow growing bacteria) #CarryOnLearning. Myasthenia gravis <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 816.96] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> What is one disease most children are vaccinated against? (a) How are these toxins similar? Undifferentiated B-cells remain as memory cells. Some fungi produce toxins and exoenzymes involved in disease production and capsules that provide protection of phagocytosis. Is salt and pepper a heterogeneous mixture? Describe the virulence factors associated with the fungal pathogen Aspergillus. False, True False, True A person steps on a rusty nail and develops tetanus. *When an injury is not serious, the inflammatory response is short-lived and the healing process will quickly return the affected area to the normal state. <> endobj A microbiologist has identified a new gram-negative pathogen that causes liver disease in rats. possess specific receptors. Diseases can either be noninfectious (due to genetics and environment) or infectious (due to pathogens). C Yeast infection What does this mean for the movement of this chemical through the environment? What is the intensity of this light? - virulence by inducing host cells to self destruct 4 0 obj Section: 07.04, Cytokines assist in regulating white blood cell formation. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Infectious diseases can be spread by any of the following ways except: The following is not a defense mechanism for infectious disease: The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: The virus that causes __________ also causes itchy, red bumps. *Cytotoxic T cells contain perforin molecules that punch holes in the plasma membranes of potential pathogens. OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 2: Statistics & Pathophysiology Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. In what way are lymphatic vessels unlike veins in the cardiovascular system? Which of the following is not one of the functions of the lymphatic system? On encountering the pathogen, B-cells differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies into our blood. tuberculosis 1. Which of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? thymus and bone marrow D Bacteria, What is the common cold's pathogen. PCR The larval form of Schistosoma mansoni uses a __________ to help it gain entry through intact skin. neutral, passive c. employers must have written airborne pathogen exposure control plans I'm workspace. Bloodborne Pathogens Answer Key 1. What is the name of the lymphatic vessels located in the small intestines? red blood cells, macrophages Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. Since some bacteria in a biofilm are not actively growing (or are in exponential, or log, phase), they would not be affected by antibiotics. Tuberculosis, rheumatic fever *Lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow and T lymphocytes travel to the thymus to mature. Section: 07.02. It is an injection of serum that contains antibodies. Who is covered by the bloodborne pathogen standard? Neglect energy transfers with the environment. Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. True False, True Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. *T cells possess specific receptors that help them identify antigens. C. marinates the cut-up pieces of raw chicken in the . -Hand washing Calculate the outside air temperature. Answer- Excavata is a major supergroup of unicellular organisms . Test Prep. Section: 07.01. Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. The length of each rod is about the same: assume 55cm55 \mathrm{~cm}55cm. 36. IgD antibodies signify the readiness of the B cells. If all the words in a sentence are correct, write C after the sentence. Section: 07.02, Which of the following is not considered a barrier to entry of a pathogen? Exoenzymes are classified according to the macromolecule they target and exotoxins are classified based on their mechanism of action. Therefore, it causes breaks in the skin that could serve as a portal of entry for pathogens. It acts as a spreading factor. Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. rheumatoid arthritis eosinophils and neutrophils Which of the following is not a vaccine recommended for college students? *"Innate" in this context means that these defenses act indiscriminately against all pathogens. True 15. Section: 07.05, An allergic response is an over reaction of the immune system. One of the most important steps I can take to prevent exposure to bloodborn pathogens is to be mindful of my surroundings at all times in the clinical setting. Viruses are treated with antibiotics. The page below is a sample from the LabCE course OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens. 11. thyroid and tonsils % they act indiscriminately against all pathogens. You have recently identified a new toxin. sebaceous secretions Primary pathogens are capable of causing pathological changes associated with disease in a healthy individual. -The use of Personal answer choices virus bacteria fungus parasite/protist Question 3 30 seconds Q. *Hay fever is a hypersensitivity. Of the three options listed, which is the preferred method to protect employees from exposure to blood or OPIM? During an oral surgery, the surgeon nicked the patient's gum with a sharp instrument. A Strep throat macrophages OSHA mandates that all employers are required to provide the Hepatits B vaccination to employees free of charge. 2 0 obj A Bacteria Each line of The tile will have the following form: For example, suppose that the file contains the following lines: The output of the program should have the following appearance: Have the program obtain the file name from the command line. Approximately how many people are affected by nosocomial infections each year in the United States? Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. True (b) In terms of quantity of pathogen, in what way are these periods different? Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? C Fungi ", Organisms or the toxins they produce that can cause disease in people or animals are known as, "Any item that has the potential to pierce, cut, or puncture the skin should be disposed of in a proper puncture proof container immediately after being used.". ", "According the Centers for Disease Control, how many people living in the United States suffer from chronic HBV? This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. Exotoxins are proteins secreted mainly by gram-positive bacteria. They phagocytize any pathogenic bacteria that attempt to infect. Symptoms of a disease are subjective and are reported by the patient. Leishmania (Leishmaniasis). False 3. D Protozoan, Unit 7: Alcohol, Drugs and Tobacco Awareness, Honors English III Final Exam- Vocab and Rhet, Spanish Exam Speaking Questions and Answers, Dutton's Orthopaedic: Examination, Evaluation and Intervention. active, passive True a. pathogens b. nonpathogens c. opportunistic pathogens d. indigenous microflora e. saprophytes: Term. (c) What initiates the period of decline? IgD Cytokines are being investigated for a possible treatment of which disease? Can you place a MediaPlayer in multiple MediaViews? Acupuncture involves needles that are inserted into the skin. Define the viscosity and osmolarity of blood. degrade nucleic acid to promote spread of pathogen, degrade cell membranes to allow pathogens to escape phagosomes. AIDS Period of decline = pathogen particles start to decline - slightly less than maximum antioxidant (b) How do they differ? which of the following is a pathogen, risk is often presented as _____, which is a measure of the statistical likelihood that something will occur, generally speaking, as economic development occurs, the risk of exposure to indoor air pollution _____, and the impact . Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine that is used for pain relief. You have recently identified a new toxin. 3 0 obj (b) Would the toxin be able to cause diarrhea? 31. MTBE is used to be added to gasoline sold for vehicles, MTBE has been found in groundwater. IgM The principal reason the company ran that ad was to attract attention. memory cell Which type of disease is this? A difference between an acute disease and chronic disease is that chronic diseases have an extended period of __________. Molecular Kochs postulates are used to determine what genes contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: A virus. a form of immune deficiency, anything the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body B cell activated; antigen binds to BCR; B cell divides; plasma cells form Where does the lymphatic system empty into the cardiovascular system? Organisms that carry and pass on the pathogen without getting the disease, some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the, the most important way to stop the spread of infection is through. If the acupuncture needles are not sterile, pathogens could enter skin tissue or blood vessels, potentially initiating an infection. the chemical forms a gas that is inhaled and travels deep into the lungs, Viruses regularly move between animals and humans in mayor but dangerous cases a brothers may undergo a genetic change that increases its risk of causing serious disease in human populations of the following changes in human animal interactions could reasonably be expected to increase the risk of human harm due to virus exposure, Humans now raise large number of animals for food, A medical facility stores material that produce out for radiation these materials are located in room surrounded by thin wooden walls what are the specific rest to a worker walking just outside the room, tobacco smoke is a teratogen. Explain. A person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen. ____ 1. All of the following are major forms of disease transmission except? people who were recently vaccinated for the flu. Approximately how many people die each year as a result of nosocomial infections? In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. - produces protease. Which period is the stage of disease during which the patient begins to present general signs and symptoms? Cilia, fimbriae, and pili are all examples of structures used by microbes for __________. Section: 07.02, What cell types are involved in the inflammatory response? You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. sAR@`c&bChM=U,:n^W#*@'P|P\(Fdhv '?t2.qzM57r%e %KO%Li'[Tqo\,j6m Infect healthy rats with this mutant strain and look for decreased signs of disease. Organisms that lack chlorophyll and consist of reproductive spores and threadlike fibers represent what? Consider an airplane flying at a pressure altitude of 33,500 ft and a density altitude of 32,000 ft. Microorganisms that do not cause disease. phagocytosis is involved. C. Plasmodium pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. 7zP$>O Zcm62b* . Signs: fever 22. passive Nb['hm possess fimbrae. The glycoprotein adhesion gp120 on HIV must interact with __________ on some immune cells as the first step in the process of infecting the cell. histamine Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. Multiple Choice. What are pathogens? All of the following diseases are primarily spread by animals or insects except? Simple one-celled organisms that are the most powerful pathogens are what? C Intestinal disorders Antigenic __________ is the result of reassortment of genes responsible for the production of influenza virus spike proteins between different virus particles while in the same host, whereas antigenic __________ is the result of point mutations in the spike proteins. IgA a vaccination. Humoral immunity: The B-cells produce an army of proteins is response to the pathogen. Section: 07.03, Shaun was in need of a kidney transplant. True is composed of normal flora. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. Universal response b. Explain how acupuncture could facilitate exposure to pathogens. Section: 07.05, Human Anatomy Physiology Laboratory Manual Main Version, Anatomy and Physiology: An Integrative Approach, Michael McKinley, Theresa Bidle, Valerie O'Loughlin. 83209Bi{ }_{83}^{209} \mathrm{Bi}83209Bi or 96242Cm{ }_{96}^{242} \mathrm{Cm}96242Cm. IgG antibodies bind to pathogens, activate the compliment and enhance phagocytosis. OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 4: The OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). *The complement proteins "complement" certain other immune responses. The time between a pathogen invasion and the development of the first symptoms is called the what? Infect healthy rats with the pathogen (i.e., the wild-type strain) and observe signs of disease (phenotype).Identify the gene that is responsible for the production of the fimbriae. Why will a diverging (convex) mirror never produce a real image? damage resulting in cell lysis Margination is defined as the process in which monocytes stick to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection Which of the following pairs is mismatched? Describe how molecular Kochs postulates could be used to test this hypothesis. *Certain complement proteins involved in the membrane attack complex kill foreign microbes by causing them to burst. answer choices Virus Bacteria Fungi Parasite/Protist They are all alive Question 2 10 seconds Q. "As a student, I am NOT required to receive the Hepatitis B vaccination prior to starting my clinical rotations. EKG, MHC A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. Virulence, the degree to which a pathogen can cause disease, can be quantified by calculating either the ID50 or LD50 of a pathogen on a given population. Learn more about OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens (online CE course) Which of the following is NOT classified as a bloodborne pathogen? It does not grow in the absence of oxygen. Universal precautions c. Standard response a. Bacillus anthracis A(n) __________ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection. Laws against___ have been challenged in court on the grounds that they violate one's constitutional rights. A. hemolysin Access the complete course and earn ASCLS P.A.C.E.-approved continuing education credits by subscribing online. IgM B. C Viruses Which of the following represent epigenetic changes caused by a pathogen that can affect its ability to cause infection in the host? C Athlete's foot and ringworm Eukaryotes Phagocytes are both mobile and found in fixed locations throughout the body. She suspects that the bacterium's fimbriae are a virulence factor. plasma cells form; B cell activated; B cell divides; antigen binds to BCR You also discover that it targets liver cells. 23. How can normal flora be a barrier to entry? Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of disease in Brians case. Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. ", "In contrast to HIV, the Hepatits B virus has a much higher risk of transmission from something like a needle stick. 10. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?